Everything about John James Richard Macleod totally explained
John James Richard Macleod (
September 6,
1876 –
March 16,
1935) was a
Scottish physician, physiologist, and recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Biography
Macleod was born at
Clunie,
Perth and Kinross,
Scotland. He was the son of the Rev. Robert Macleod.
During
1898 he received his medical degree from
University of Aberdeen and went to work for a year at the
University of Leipzig. During
1899 he was appointed Demonstrator of
Physiology at the London Hospital Medical School and in
1902 he was appointed Lecturer in
Biochemistry at the school. During
1903 he was appointed Professor of Physiology at the
Western Reserve University at
Cleveland, Ohio. During
1918 he was elected Professor of Physiology at the
University of Toronto,
Canada.
Macleod's main work was on carbohydrate metabolism and his efforts with
Frederick Banting and
Charles Best in the discovery of
insulin used to treat
diabetes. For this Banting and Macleod were jointly awarded the
Nobel Prize for Medicine in
1923. Macleod was awarded half of the Nobel Prize for the discovery of insulin, in spite of the fact that many people (including Banting) publicly insisted that Macleod's involvement was minimal and Best's work had been essential. However, it was MacCleod's research plan and his suggestion to inject intravenous degenerated pancreas into depancreatinized dog sugar that ultimately led to the successful isolation of insulin. There is currently a controversy regarding the role of Banting and Best in attempting to 'write out' Macleod and his colleague J.P. Collip from the history books. Macleod's receiving the Nobel Prize over Best was controversial at the time (see
Nobel Prize controversies).
He wrote eleven books, including
Recent Advances in Physiology (1905);
Diabetes: its Pathological Physiology (1925); and
Carbohydrate Metabolism and Insulin. (1926)
The
auditorium of the Medical Science Building at
University of Toronto is named after J.J.R. Macleod. In 2005
Diabetes UK named its offices in London in honour of J.J.R. Macleod.
Further Information
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